DEVELOPING MATHEMATICAL MODELS TO SIMULATE THE DYNAMIC BEHAVIOR OF SEPARATION PROCESSES, CONSIDERING THE IMPACT OF EXTERNAL FACTORS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18063142Keywords:
separation column, dynamic mathematical model, transient processes, automatic control, mass and energy balance, rectification, process optimization.Abstract
This study proposes a dynamic mathematical model for simulating separation processes in distillation columns
under transient operating conditions. Due to the high inertia and structural complexity of column contact devices,
experimental analysis of dynamic behavior is often limited. To overcome this challenge, the separation column is modeled
as a distributed system composed of lumped-parameter elements, including trays, reboilers, condensers, and reflux
accumulators. Each element is described using material and energy balance equations formulated as systems of ordinary
differential equations.
The model accounts for time-dependent variations in flow rates, component concentrations, temperature, pressure, and
phase equilibrium during process disturbances. A set of simplifying assumptions is applied to reduce computational
complexity while preserving the essential physical characteristics of the separation process. Dynamic calculations are
performed discretely over time, enabling the analysis of transient responses caused by control actions.
The model incorporates PID-based control strategies for key variables such as reboiler heat input, reflux rate, bottom
product flow, and condenser cooling. The proposed approach can be effectively used for process optimization, control
system design, and the development of digital twins and operator training simulators for industrial separation columns
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